Geography
Faculty List
E.C.
Relph, B.A., M.Phil. (London), Ph.D. (Toronto), Professor Emeritus
M.
F. Bunce, B.A. (Sheffield), Ph.D. (Sheffield), Associate Professor
Emeritus
J.
R. Miron, B.A. (Queen's), M.A. (Penn.), M.Sc. (pl.), Ph.D. (Toronto),
Professor
M.
Mahtani, B.A. (Dalhousie), Ph.D. (London), Associate Professor
A.
Sorensen, B.F.A. (Nova Scotia College of Art and Design), M.Sc.,
Ph.D. (London), Associate Professor
S.C.
Bunce, B.A. (Guelph), M.E.S. Pl. (York), Ph.D. (York), Assistant
Professor
M.
Hunter, B.A. (Sussex), M.A. (Univ. of Natal), Ph.D. (Univ California,
Berkeley), Assistant Professor
T.
Kepe, B.Agric. (Fort Hare Univ, South Africa), M.Sc. (Guelph),
Ph.D. (Univ Western Cape, South Africa), Assistant Professor
M.
Kwak, B.A., (Seoul), M.A. (York), Ph.D., (British Columbia), Assistant
Professor
K.
MacDonald, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Waterloo), Assistant Professor
R.
Narayanareddy, MESc. (Yale University), Ph.D. (Minnesota), Assistant
Professor
S.
Tanaka, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Queen's), Assistant Professor
Discipline Representative: J. Miron
Undergraduate Counsellor: J. Roopnarinesingh Email:
social
sciences counsellor@utsc.utoronto.ca
Geography is a broad-ranging subject. As a social science it is concerned
with the spatial patterns of human activity and the character of regions
and places. It is a subject which is well placed to explore the complex
relationships between society and the natural environment as well
as the social and economic problems of human land use and settlement.
It therefore complements other Programs such as: City Studies, Environmental
Science, Political Science, Sociology, Anthropology, Economics for
Management Studies and Development Studies. Geography courses are
also listed as options in several U of T Scarborough Programs including
the Co-op Program in International Development.
MAJOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)
A Major Program for students interested in Human Geography as an
academic discipline. This Program equips students with the knowledge
and skills needed to understand contemporary social science thought
in the context of the communities, societies, and economies formed
by human populations, and the ways in which location, landscape, and
spatial context shape (and are shaped by) social structures, functioning,
and behaviour.
Guidelines for 1st year course selection
Students intending to complete the Major Program in Human Geography
should take at least one of GGRA02H3,
GGRA03H3 or GGRA30H3
in first year.
Guidelines for Major Program completion
Courses in the Major Program in Human Geography are divided into three
main subdisciplinary streams: Urban Geography, Social/Cultural Geography
and Environmental Geography. Major students are welcome to take courses
in more than one stream and are advised to take all three of the related
Theory and Concepts courses, GGRB05H3
Urban Geography, GGRB13H3 Social
Geography, and GGRB20H3 Environmental
Conservation and Sustainable Development.
Program Requirements
The Major Program in Human Geography requires a total of 7.0 full
credits as follows:
- Theory and Concepts in Human Geography
GGRB02H3 The Logic of Geographical
Thought
and
1.5 credits from:
GGRB05H3 Urban Geography
GGRB13H3 Social Geography
GGRB20H3 Environmental Conservation
and Sustainable Development
GGRB28H3 Geographies of Disease
- Methods (1.0 credit)
GGRA30H3 Geographic Information
Systems (GIS) and Empirical Reasoning
and one of:
ANTC35H3 Quantitative Methods
in Anthropology
ECMB11H3
Quantitative Methods in Economics I
GGR270H Introductory Analytical Methods
GGR271H Social Research Methods
PSYB07H3 Data Analysis in
Psychology
SOCB06H3 Social Statistics
STAB22H3 Statistics I
- Applications (at least 2.0 credits from among the following):
GGRC01H3 Supervised Readings
in Human Geography
GGRC02H3 Population Geography
GGRC04H3 Urban Residential
Geography
GGRC09H3 Current Topics in
Social Geography
GGRC10H3 Urbanization and
Development
GGRC11H3 Current Topics in
Urban Geography
GGRC13H3 Urban Political Geography
GGRC21H3 Current Topics in
Environmental Geography
GGRC22H3 Political Ecology
Theory and Applications
GGRC25H3 Land Reform and Development
GGRC27H3 Location and Spatial
Development
GGRC29H3 Agriculture, Environment,
and Development
GGRC33H3 The Toronto Region
GGRC41H3 Current Topics in
Human Geography
GGRC45H3 Local Geographies
of Globalization
GGRD01H3 Supervised Research
Project
GGRD09H3 Feminist Geographies
GGRD10H3 Health and Sexuality
GGRD11H3 Advanced Geographical
Theory and Methods
GGRD19H3 Spaces of Multiraciality:
Critical Mixed Race Theory
- 2.0 additional credits to be selected from GGRA02H3,
GGRA03H3, or the courses listed
in Requirements 1 and 3 above.
MINOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)
Program Requirements
The requirements for this Program are 4.0 full credits in Geography
which must include 1.0 full credit at the C-level or D-level.
MAJOR PROGRAM IN PHYSICAL AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)
This is an interdepartmental program leading to a B.A. degree in
which students combine courses in human geography (GGR prefix) with
courses in physical geography (EES prefix).
Guidelines for 1st year course selection
EES courses presume a background in physical sciences and mathematics.
It is recommended that first year students take EESA01H3,
EESA06H3, GGRA02H3
and GGRA03H3 and at least 1.0
full credit from among [BIOA01H3
& BIOA02H3], [CHMA10H3
& CHMA11H3], [PHYA10H3
or PHYA11H3 ], [MATA30H3
& MATA35H3/MATA36H3/MATA37H3].
Program Requirements
The Major Program in Physical and Human Geography requires the completion
of a total of 8.0 full credits of which 4.0 credits are to be EES
courses, and 4.0 credits are to be GGR courses. Among these 8.0 credits,
the student must include:
- EESA01H3, EESA06H3,
GGRA02H3 & GGRA03H3
- At least 1.5 credits from among EESB02H3,
EESB03H3, EESB04H3,
EESB05H3, & EESB15H3
- At least 1.5 credits from among [CITB01H3
or (GGRB06H3)], GGRB05H3,
CITC03H3, GGRB13H3,
GGRB20H3 & GGRB28H3
- At least 1.0 credit at the C- or D-level from among EES courses
- At least 1.0 credit at the C- or D-level from among GGR courses
- At least one additional 0.5 credit with a GGR prefix
- At least one additional 0.5 credit with an EES prefix
GGRA02H3
The Geography of Global Processes
Globalization from the perspective of human geography. The course
examines how the economic, social, political, and environmental changes
that flow from the increasingly global scale of human activities affect
spatial patterns and relationships, the character of regions and places,
and the quality of life of those who live in them.
Exclusion: GGR107H, (GGR107Y), GGR117Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRA03H3
Cities and Environments
An introduction to the characteristics of modern cities and environmental
issues, and their interconnections. Linkages between local and global
processes are emphasized. Major topics include urban forms and systems,
population change, the complexity of environmental issues such as
climate change and water scarcity, planning for sustainable cities.
Exclusion: GGR107H, (GGR107Y), GGR117Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRA30H3
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Empirical Reasoning
Confirmatory causal modeling and GIS; map as model; GIS data input;
cartographic and GIS data structures; data errors and editing; elementary
spatial analysis; measurement; map comparison; classification; statistical
surfaces; spatial arrangement; privacy issues.
Exclusion: (EESA08H3),
GGR272H. GGRA30H3 may not be
taken after or concurrently with EESC03H3.
Breadth Requirement: Quantitative Reasoning
GGRB02H3
The Logic of Geographical Thought
Many of today's key debates - for instance, on globalization, the
environment, and cities - draw heavily from geographical thinking
and what some have called the "spatial turn" in the social sciences.
This course introduces the most important methodological and theoretical
aspects of contemporary geographical and spatial thought, and serves
as a foundation for other upper level courses in Geography.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRB05H3
Urban Geography
This course will develop understanding of the geographic nature of
urban systems and the internal spatial patterns and activities in
cities. Emphasis is placed on the North American experience with some
examples from other regions of the world. The course will explore
the major issues and problems facing contemporary urban society and
the ways they are analysed.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Exclusion: GGR124H, (GGR124Y)
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRB13H3
Social Geography
The reciprocal relations between spatial structures and social identities.
The course examines the role of social divisions such as class, 'race'/ethnicity,
gender and sexuality in shaping the social geographies of cities and
regions. Particular emphasis is placed on space as an arena for the
construction of social relations and divisions.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRB20H3
Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development
Deals with two main topics: the origins of environmental problems
in the global spread of industrial capitalism, and environmental conservation
and policies. Themes include: changes in human-environment relations,
trends in environmental problems, the rise of environmental awareness
and activism, environmental policy, problems of sustainable development.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Exclusion: GGR233Y
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRB28H3
Geographies of Disease
Examines the geographical distribution of disease and the spatial
processes in which diseases are embedded. Themes include spatial theories
of health and disease and uneven development and health. Special attention
will be given to the geographical dimension of the HIV pandemic.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC01H3
Supervised Readings in Human Geography
An independent supervised reading course open only to students in
the Major Program in Human Geography. An independent literature review
research project will be carried out under the supervision of an individual
faculty member.
Prerequisite: 10 full credits including completion of the following
requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction,
2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods; & a cumulative GPA of at least
2.5.
GGRC02H3
Population Geography
An examination of the geographical dimension to human population through
the social dynamics of fertility, mortality and migration. Themes
include disease epidemics, international migration, reproductive technologies,
and changing family structure.
Prerequisite: STAB22H3 & [GGRB02H3
or HLTB01H3]
Exclusion: GGR323H
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC04H3
Urban Residential Geography
Household production; household governance and contracting; household
economic behaviour, housing demand, life course and housing career;
housing policy and markets; dwelling maintenance and neighbourhood;
social mix and segregation.
Prerequisite: STAB22H3 & [[GGRB02H3
& GGRB05H3] or [CITB01H3
& CITB02H3]]
Exclusion: GGR357H
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC09H3
Current Topics in Social Geography
Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in social
geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts
and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & GGRB13H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC10H3
Urbanization and Development
Examines global urbanization processes and the associated transformation
of governance, social, economic, and environmental structures particularly
in the global south. Themes include theories of development, migration,
transnational flows, socio-spatial polarization, postcolonial geographies
of urbanization.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3]
or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC11H3
Current Topics in Urban Geography
Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in urban geography,
with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods.
Specific content will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3]
or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC13H3
Urban Political Geography
Geographical approach to the politics of contemporary cities with
emphasis on theories and structures of urban political processes and
practices. Includes nature of local government, political powers of
the property industry, big business and community organizations and
how these shape the geography of cities.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3]
or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC21H3
Current Topics in Environmental Geography
Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in environmental
geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts
and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & GGRB20H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC22H3
Political Ecology Theory and Applications
Explores how politics, the economy, history and culture shape, and
are shaped by interactions of people with the physical environment.
Analysis moves beyond the roles government and interest groups in
shaping environmental policies, to expanding our understanding of
'politics' in (i) environmental discourses and knowledge; (ii) economic
systems; (iii) regimes of natural resource ownership and use; and
(iv) everyday struggles within and between communities and interest
groups as they shape human-nature relationships.
Prerequisite: GGRB20H3 & [GGRB02H3
or IDSB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC25H3
Land Reform and Development
Land reform, which entails the redistribution of private and public
lands, is broadly associated with struggles for social justice. It
embraces issues concerning how land is transferred (through forceful
dispossession, law, or markets), and how it is currently held. Land
inequalities exist all over the world, but they are more pronounced
in the developing world, especially in countries that were affected
by colonialism. Land issues, including land reform, affect most development
issues.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & [[GGRB13H3
& GGRB20H3] or [IDSB01H3
& IDSB02H3]]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC27H3
Location and Spatial Development
Location of a firm; market formation and areas; agricultural location;
urban spatial equilibrium; trade and spatial equilibrium; locational
competition; equilibrium for an industry; trade and location.
Prerequisite: ECMA01H3
& [(GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3)
or (CITB01H3 & CITB02H3)
or [(ECMB01H3
or ECMB02H3)
& (ECMB05H3
or ECMB06H3)]
Exclusion: (GGRB27H3),
GGR220Y
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC29H3
Agriculture, Environment and Development
Changing social, economic and environmental relations of agriculture
in the late twentieth century. Includes expansion of global agribusiness,
how this has affected conditions of agriculture at the farm and regional
level and problems of achieving sustainable agriculture and food systems
in an international development context.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & [One
of ANTB64H3, (ANTC63H3),(ANTC64H3),
IDSB01H3,
IDSB02H3,
GGRB20H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC33H3
The Toronto Region
This course examines issues of urban form and structure, urban growth
and planning in the Toronto region. Current trends in population,
housing, economy, environment, governance, transport, urban design
and planning practices at the local level and the regional scale will
be examined critically.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3]
& [CITB01H3 or (GGRB06H3)]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC41H3
Current Topics in Human Geography
Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in human geography,
with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods.
Specific content will vary from year to year. Seminar format with
active student participation.
Prerequisite: GGRA02H3 & GGRA03H3
& GGRB02H3 & one B-level full-credit
in Human Geography
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRC45H3
Local Geographies of Globalization
Examines the localized consequences of global processes. Toronto will
be used as a site for understanding how individuals interact with
and experience the effects of globalizing forces differently based
on their unique conditions of life and how they respond to the challenges
and opportunities of a globalized world.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & [GGRB05H3
or GGRB20H3 or ANTB16H3
or IDSB01H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRD01H3
Supervised Research Project
An independent studies course open only to students in the Major Program
in Human Geography. An independent studies project will be carried
out under the supervision of an individual faculty member.
Prerequisite: 15 full credits including completion of the following
requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction,
2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods; & a cumulative GPA of at least
2.5.
GGRD09H3
Feminist Geographies
How do gender relations shape different spaces? We will explore how
feminist geographers have approached these questions from a variety
of scales - from the home, to the body, to the classroom, to the city,
to the nation, drawing on the work of feminist geographers.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & [[GGRB13H3
& GGRC13H3] or WSTC20H3]
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRD10H3
Health and Sexuality
Examines links between health and human sexuality. Particularly explores
sexually transmitted infections. Attention will be given to the socially
and therefore spatially constructed nature of sexuality. Other themes
include sexual violence, masculinities and health, reproductive health,
and transnational relationships and health. Examples will be taken
from a variety of countries.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & [GGRB13H3
or GGRB28H3] & [[GGRC02H3
or GGRD19H3] or [HLTC02H3
& ANTC15H3]]
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRD11H3
Advanced Geographical Theory and Methods
Designed for final-year Human Geography Majors, this reading-intensive
seminar course develops analytical and methodological skills in socio-spatial
analysis. We explore major theoretical/methodological traditions in
geography including positivism, humanism, Marxism, and feminism, and
major analytical categories such as place, scale, and networks. Particularly
recommended for students intending to apply to graduate school.
Prerequisite: 15 full credits including completion of the following
requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction,
2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods. Priority will be given to Geography
Majors with the highest GPA.
Enrolment Limits: 25. Restricted to Human Geography Major students.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences
GGRD12H3
Seminar in Selected Topics in Human Geography
Designed for final-year Human Geography Majors, this seminar is devoted
to analysis and discussion of current theoretical and methodological
issues in human geography. Specific content will vary from year to
year. Seminar format with active student participation.
Prerequisite: 15 full credits including completion of the following
requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1)Introduction,
2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods. Priority will be given to Geography
Majors with the highest GPA.
Enrolment Limits: 25.
Restricted to Human Geography Major students.
GGRD19H3
Spaces of Multiraciality: Critical Mixed Race Theory
From Tiger Woods to Mariah Carey, the popular mixed race phenomenon
has captured the popular imagination and revealed the contradictory
logic of categorization underpinning racial divisions. We will explore
the complexities of racial identity formation to illuminate the experiences
of those who fall outside the prevailing definitions of racial identities.
Prerequisite: ANTB16H3 or
GGRB13H3 or IDSB01H3
or SOCA01H3 or WSTA01H3
Exclusion: (GGRC19H3)
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences