University of Toronto at Scarborough 2002/2003 Calendar
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Geography

(B.A.)

Faculty List

J.R. Miron, B.A. (Queen's), M.A. (Penn.), M.Sc., Ph.D. (Toronto), Professor
E. Relph, B.A., M. Phil. (London), Ph.D. (Toronto), Professor
M.F. Bunce, B.A., Ph.D. (Sheffield), Associate Professor
Discipline Representative/Supervisor of Studies: M. Bunce
(416-287-7313)

Geography is a broad-ranging subject. As a social science it is concerned with the spatial patterns of human activity and the character of regions and places. It is a subject which is well placed to explore the complex relationships between society and the natural environment as well as the social and economic problems of human land use and settlement. It therefore complements other Programs such as: City Studies, Society and Environment, Environmental Science, Political Science, Sociology, Anthropology, Economics for Management Studies and Development Studies. Geography courses are also listed as options in several college Programs including Society and Environment and the Co-op Program in International Development.

MAJOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

A Major Program for students interested in Human Geography as an academic discipline. This Program equips students with the knowledge and skills needed to understand contemporary social science thought in the context of the communities, societies, and economies formed by human populations, and the ways in which location, landscape, and spatial context shape (and are shaped by) social structures, functioning, and behaviour.

The Major Program in Human Geography requires a total of 7 F.C.E. This program includes requirements in the areas of social science theory, methods, applications, and an advanced seminar. Among these 7 F.C.E., the student must include:

  1. Introduction (1 F.C.E.)

GGRA01Y Global Processes and Local Environments

  1. Theory and concepts in Human Geography (at least 2 F.C.E. from among the following):

GGRB05H Urban Geography
GGRB06H Introduction to Planning in Canada
GGRB10H Real Estate and the City
GGRB13H Social Geography
GGRB20H Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development

GGRB27H Location and Spatial Development

  1. Methods (1 F.C.E.)

    GGRA30H GIS and Empirical Reasoning

    STAB22H Statistics (or equivalent)

  2. Applications (at least 2 F.C.E. from among the following):
    GGRC04H Urban Residential Geography
    GGRC07H Countryside Conservation
    GGRC13H Urban Political Geography
    GGRC18H Urban Transportation Policy Analysis
    GGRC29H Agriculture, Environment, and Development
    GGRC33H Greater Toronto Area
    GGRC41H Current Topics in Human Geography
    IDSC09H Issues in Rural Development
  3. Core course (0.5 F.C.E.)

    GGRD01H Human Geography Case Study

  4. At least one additional half-course with a GGR prefix

MAJOR PROGRAM IN PHYSICAL AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

This is an interdivisional program leading to a B.A. degree in which students combine courses in human geography (GGR prefix) with courses in physical geography (EES prefix). The Major Program in Physical and Human Geography requires the completion of a total of 8 F.C.E., of which 4 F.C.E. are to be EES courses, and 4 F.C.E. are to be GGR courses. Among these 8 F.C.E., the student must include:
  1. EESA01H, EESA06H and GGRA01Y
  2. At least 1.5 F.C.E. from among EESB01H, EESB02H, EESB03H, EESB04H and EESB05H
  3. At least 1.5 F.C.E. from among GGRB05H, GGRB06H, GGRB10H, GGRB13H, GGRB20H and GGRB27H
  4. At least 1.0 F.C.E. at the C- or D-level from among EES courses
  5. At least 1.0 F.C.E. at the C- or D-level from among GGR courses
  6. At least one additional 0.5 F.C.E. with a GGR prefix.
  7. At least one additional 0.5 F.C.E. with an EES prefix.

EES courses presume a background in physical sciences and mathematics. It is recommended that freshman students take EESA01H, EESA06, GGRA01Y, and at least one F.C.E. from among BGYA01Y, CHMA01Y, PHYA10H or either MATA26Y or MATA29Y. Students who combine the Major Program in Physical and Human Geography with another Major Program in Science (e.g. Environmental Science) are eligible for the Early Teacher Project.

MINOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

The requirements for this Program are four full-course equivalents in Geography which must include one full-course equivalent at the C-level or D-level. IDSC09 may be counted towards the requirements of this Program.

GGRA01Y3 Global Processes and Local Environments

An introduction to human geography through the examination of the changes and problems of global restructuring and their relationships to local and regional scales of activity. Concepts and methods of human geography will include geo-politics, human-nature relations, spatial analysis, the production of space, regionalism, landscape and place. These will be applied to the critical analysis of how the globalization of agribusiness, manufacturing, tourism, finance and trade, political institutions, popular culture, demographic and environmental changes interact with the growth of cities and metropolitan regions and the quality of urban and rural environments. Particular attention will be paid to the sustainability of these interactions. Two-hour lecture per week and one-hour tutorial every second week.
Exclusion: (SOEA01), GGR101, GGR107
M. Bunce/E. Relph



GGRA30H3 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Empirical Reasoning

This course is divided into three sections. In the first section, students review notions of theory and model, dependence and causation, induction and deduction, map as model, and the roles of space, place, location, and metric in our understanding of social processes. In the second section of the course, students are introduced to basic geodesy, the structuring of spatial data, data sources and their geographic interpretation, GIS components, tools and applications, spatial data transfer, and data accuracy. In the third section, students learn about empirical methods in spatial analysis and exploration.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: This is a first course in GIS. Students may not enrol in this course if they have already completed any other university-level course in GIS: e.g. (SOSA01), EESC03, GGR272
T.B.A.

GGRB05H3 Urban Geography

This course will develop understanding of the geographic nature of urban systems and the internal spatial patterns and activities in cities. Particular emphasis is placed on the North American experience, although some examples will be drawn from other regions of the world. The course will explain the location and growth of cities; explore the internal organization of cities, especially with regard to residential, social and economic activities; and shed light on the major issues and problems facing contemporary urban society.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: GGR124
Prerequisite: GGRA01 (SOEA01) or IDSB01 or alternative prerequisite with permission of the instructor
T.B.A.

GGRB06H3 Planning in Canada

After reviewing the history of urban and regional planning in Canada, this course considers alternative ideologies, models of public choice, the role of the planner, the instruments of planning, tools for the analysis of planning, and planning in the context of the space economy. This course provides an understanding of planning as currently practiced, and introduces students to the principal tools used by planners.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: JGI346
T.B.A.



GGRB10H3 Real Estate and the City

Cities exist, grow and prosper (and perhaps even decline) in part because of the way that they are organized to facilitate and regulate the operation of real estate markets. This course explores connections between aspects of the real estate market (e.g. abatement, appraisal, approval, demographics, demolition, pro forma, permit, reinsurance, redevelopment, turnover, take-up, vacancy rate, zoning) to concepts thought to characterize or shape a city's economic prospects: e.g. the operation of property, stock and accommodation markets; liquidity risk, price risk and asset pricing; long swings; sub-nucleation; housing finance, construction, and operation; retailing and store location; metropolitan office and industrial property markets; property taxation; regulation; other impacts of local government.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: GGRC31H
Prerequisite: One of ECMB01H, ECOB02H, (ECMB03), (ECMB04), GGRB05H, GGRB06H, GGRB27H
T.B.A.

GGRB13H3 Social Geography

An exploration of reciprocal relations between spatial structures and social identities. The course will examine some of the major research themes in contemporary social geography. The central premise of this course is that the social divisions of class, 'race'/ethnicity, gender and sexuality not only help shape the identities and activities of people but also play important, interrelated roles in the geographies of cities and regions. However, space is not only the arena for the construction of social divisions and relations, but also conditions their nature. In other words, the geographies of these social divisions are not just the spatial manifestation of the social forces that generated them, spatial structures plays an active role in their very construction. This course will draw on geography literature published in North America and Britain.
Exclusion: (GGRC43)
Prerequisites: GGRA01
T.B.A.

GGRB20H3 Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development

The history and current status of environmental problems and conservational responses. The course deals with two main topics: the origins of environmental problems in the rise and subsequent global spread of industrial capitalism, and environmental conservation, movements, and policies. Themes include: changes in human-environment relations, trends in environmental problems, the rise of environmental awareness, ideologies of preservation and conservation, environmental activism and organizations, environmental policy from the local to the international scale, problems of sustainable development. Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: (SOEB01), GGR233
Prerequisite: GGRA01 (SOEA01) and one other A-level course (EESA01 is strongly recommended)
M. Bunce

IDSC09H3 Issues in Rural Development

Refer to International Development Studies for course description.

GGRC04H3 Urban Residential Geography

Micro and macro perspectives on urban residential geography are presented in this course with an emphasis on North American Cities. At the micro level, topics include the search and location behaviour of individuals and families as consumers of housing, and suppliers of labour and domestic production. At the macro level, topics include commuting, social ties, neighbourhood environments, structure and segregation, changes in the social and physical structure of neighbourhoods. In light of these the course will examine the changing role of land use planning and public policy.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: GGR357
Prerequisite: University-level half-course in data analysis and one of ECMB01, ECMB02, (ECMB03), (ECMB04), GGRB05, GGRB06, GGRB27, POLB60
T.B.A.

GGRC07H3 Countryside Conservation

The problems and policies of countryside conservation in Western Europe and North America. Particular attention will be paid to the origin of conservational and preservational attitudes to the natural and human landscapes of rural areas, and to their impact on rural planning. Topics will include urban containment, agricultural land preservation, land protection, conservation of natural environments and rural heritage, and the management of countryside recreation. Field work and case studies will be an integral part of the course.

Two hours of lecture per week.
Prerequisite: GGRB20 (SOEB01) and one of GGRB05, GGRB06
M. Bunce


GGRC13H3 Urban Political Geography

This course examines a geographical approach to the politics of contemporary cities. Emphasis will be placed on North American, and especially Canadian cities. Much of this course will involve an exploration of the theoretical underpinning of urban politics that structure and are used to legitimate particular urban political policies and practices. Topics will include the nature and organization of local government, the political powers of the property industry, of big business, and community based organizations. Throughout, emphasis will be placed on the ways in which the geography of the cities and local government have shaped, and been shaped by, urban political activity. The course will employ urban political literature published in North America and Britain.

Two hours of lecture per week.
Exclusion: GGR339
Prerequisite: GGRB05
T.B.A.

GGRC18H3 Urban Transportation Policy Analysis

This course examines current problems in urban transportation planning using policy analysis. Topics include setting of community goals, economic and social cost-benefit analysis, evaluation of redistributive impacts, impacts of transport projects on land values, mass transit subsidies, and regulation / deregulation. The course examines insights gained from contemporary empirical research.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: GGR324
Prerequisite: University-level half-course in data analysis and one of ECMB03, ECMB04, GGRB05, GGRB06, GGRB27, POLB60
T.B.A.

GGRC29H3 Agriculture, Environment and Development

The changing social, economic and environmental relations of agriculture in the late twentieth century. The course pays particular attention to the expansion of the global agribusiness system, to the ways in which this has affected the economic, social and environmental conditions of agriculture, and to the problems of achieving socially and environmentally sustainable agricultural systems in a international development context. Selected themes and issues will be discussed in detail, including the industrialization of agriculture, the corporatization of global food systems, agricultural protectionism and free trade, the problems of family and peasant farms, food security, urbanization of agricultural land, chemical dependency, bio-technology, soil and water resource degradation, impacts on natural ecosystems, organic farming and other alternative farming systems. Students will have the opportunity to explore a selected theme in depth in both individual research projects and group workshops.

Two hours of lectures per week.
Prerequisites: One of ANTC63, ANTC64, IDSB01, IDSB02, GGRB20, (these courses may be taken as co-requisites)
M. Bunce

GGRC33H3 The Greater Toronto Area

Processes and issues of urban change, growth and planning in the Toronto region. Planning practices and proposals at the local level and the regional scale will be examined critically. Current trends in population, urban form and structure, and urban design in the Great Toronto Area will be compared with other rapidly changing urban regions in North America and elsewhere.

Two hours of lecture per week.
Prerequisite: GGRB05
T.B.A.

GGRC41H3 Current Topics in Human Geography

Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in human geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year. Seminar format with active student participation.

Two hours of lectures per week.

Limited enrolment: 30
Prerequisite: GGRA01 & one B-level full-course equivalent in Human Geography
T.B.A.

GGRD01H3 Human Geography Case Study

Each year, an appropriate case study will be selected and, under the guidance of the instructor, students will choose their own topic and method of investigation with respect to the issue to be addressed. Classes will be timetabled to introduce the case study and to discuss the topic and methods of inquiry to be pursued by each student. Original data collection and/or research will be encouraged. Key informants and visiting lecturers (for example, from the community) will provide additional information and ideas. Teamwork is key to the project's success, but each student will submit their own work for individual assessment in a format negotiated with the instructor. The course will culminate in a mini-conference where students from the course will each present and defend their findings for all students and faculty in the program. Two hours of classes weekly.
Prerequisite: Open only to students in the Major Program in Human Geography who have already completed program requirements in (1) Introduction, (2) Theory and Concepts, and (3) Methods.
T. Dawson


COURSES NOT OFFERED 2002/2003

GGRB27H3 Location and Spatial Development
Exclusion: GGR220
Prerequisite: ECMA02 (ECOA02)
IDSC09H3 Issues in Rural Development
Prerequisite: One of GGRB20, IDSB01, IDSB02


Full Listing of Courses Not Offered

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University of Toronto at Scarborough 2002/2003 Calendar
Back to Environmental Science
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