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(B.A.)
Economics studies how consumers and producers interact in a market economy to provide goods and services. Economics also studies how this process grows and changes over time, and under what circumstances it may fail to function in an optimal fashion. Economic policies to remedy those failures are also examined.
In the Division of Management, the study of economics is oriented primarily to the needs of students interested in management studies. Thus many of our examples will focus on the ways in which firms and consumers in western economies interact. However, students interested in the wide variety of problems considered by economists will find those matters are also addressed in our courses.
The curriculum provides an excellent background for careers in business, government, and the professions, and may be of considerable interest to students specializing in other disciplines as well. Students may study economics within several specially designed joint programs (with Management or with Political Science). Students may also take a major or a minor in the area.
Students wishing to pursue a graduate program in
Economics will require some additional courses in Economic Theory
not offered at Scarborough. Such students should consult with
the Undergraduate Secretary of the Department of Economics at
the St. George campus, or the graduate secretary of the Department
of Economics where they intend to do further work to determine
what additional courses would be required to do graduate work
in this field. The Supervisor of Studies at Scarborough can help
you with this task.
Students generally apply to enter a program at the end of their first year. Later admission is also possible. Students should consult the detailed discussion below. The following programmes are offered:
Other Programs with a substantial component of Economics for Management Studies
Students who have been admitted to all the Specialist
and Major programs listed above are guaranteed access to enough
courses in Economics for Management Studies to complete their
programs. Remaining spaces in courses are allocated to non-program
students on the basis of G.P.A. and performance in previous Economics
courses. In some years, there are special procedures for non-program
students and late applicants to get into restricted entry second-year
courses such as ECMB02H, ECMB06H and ECMB11H/ECMB12H. See the
Supervisor of Studies in Economics for Management Studies.
Supervisor: G. Cleveland (287-7317)
The co-operative program in Economic Policy Management
and Data Analysis (EPMDA) is a work-study program which combines
academic studies with work experience in public and private enterprises.
EPMDA is designed to allow students to learn practical skills
of data analysis and to combine them with the interpretive skills
given by knowledge of economic theory. Work terms and courses
will allow students to act as junior apprentices to professional
economists.
Admission to the Program
Students who have been admitted directly from high
school to a Co-operative Program in the Management Division may
apply for the Co-op Program in EPMDA after completing between
four and six full-course equivalents, including ECMA02Y and MGTA02Y.
Other students may apply to this program at the end of the first
year and will be evaluated on the basis of grades including ECMA02Y
and MGTA02Y.
Program Requirements
The Co-operative Program in Economic Policy Management
and Data Analysis requires the completion of the following minimum
requirements as part of a twenty-course degree (B.A.).
Work Terms
This program requires three work terms, the first
one of which can be combined with course work. In the first work
term, students will compete for jobs as teaching and research
assistants within the Division of Management. There will be two
further work terms, outside the University, on a full-time basis.
These will normally be scheduled during the summer. Work terms
are arranged and scheduled by the Co-operative Programs Co-ordinator
but must be won by students in competition with Co-op students
from this and other
universities. Work terms will generally be placements
with professional economists working for financial institutions,
government organizations, or elsewhere. Students must maintain
a 3.0 G.P.A. in order to go out on these work terms. Course credit
of 0.5 full-course equivalents is granted for successfully completing
both work and reporting requirements of a work term. Work term
credits are graded as Pass/Fail and are in addition to the 20
course requirement for the degree.
Fees
Students will pay Co-operative Program fees as established
by the Management Co-op Program.
Recommended Schedule of Courses
Students in, or intending to enter, the Co-op Program
in EPMDA are advised to take the following courses in their first
two years:
First Year:
ECMA02Y, MGTA02Y, POLA51H, MATA27H, CSCA02H.
First Summer:
ECMB02H, ECMB06H, ECMB11H, ECMB12H.
Second Year:
ECMB35H, ECMB36H, ECMC02H, ECMC06H, ECMC90H, half-course in applied
data analysis, first placement as teaching assistant.
++ Pending approval of
the Governing Council of the University
Supervisor: G. Cleveland (287-7317)
NOTE: Registration in this Programme is limited.
Students must have completed a minimum of four courses to be considered for this programme. Students with 4-6 course credits will be considered on the basis of G.P.A. including ECMA02Y/ECMA03Y. Students with 7-10 course credits will be considered on the basis of G.P.A. including ECMA02Y / ECMA03Y.
Six full-course equivalents are required in each
of the two disciplines, as specified below. Students must also
complete at least four full-course equivalents in disciplines
other than Political Science & Economics for Management Studies.
Required Courses in Economics for Management Studies
Six full-course equivalents, made up of the following:
ECMA02Y or ECMA03Y
ECMB01H or ECMB02H
ECMB05H or ECMB06H
ECMC31H and ECMC32H
ECMB35H or ECMB36H or ECMC66H or ECMC68H
ECMC27H or ECMC80H
Two more F.C.E.'s in ECM, including at least one
at the C-level.
Required Courses in Political Science
Six full-course equivalents, including the following:
POLA51H or POLB50Y
POLB70Y
One F.C.E. from each of any three of the following
fields:
NOTE:
No more than two courses at the A-level may be counted toward
program requirements. If POLB50Y is used to satisfy the first
requirement (POLA51 or POLB50) above, then it may not also be
used to satisfy the Canadian Government field requirement.
Supervisor: G. Cleveland (287-7317)
NOTE: Registration in this Program is limited.
Students must have completed a minimum of four courses to be considered for this program. Students with 4-6 course credits will be considered on the basis of GPA including ECMA02Y / ECMA03Y (ECOA02Y / ECOA03Y). Students with 7-10 course credits will be considered on the basis of G.P.A. including ECMA02Y/ECMA03Y (ECOA02Y / ECOA03Y) and one of MATA27H, ECMB02H and ECMB06H. Students should be aware that the MAT requirement implies that OAC calculus is a requirement for entry into this program.
This Program is designed to give a coordinated exposure to the subject matter of Economics for Management Studies to students pursuing the three-year degree or to those pursuing the four-year degree with more than a single area of concentration.
The Program consists of six full-course equivalents
in Economics for Management Studies, one-half course in Mathematics,
and one full-course in Humanities. The Economics courses must
include:
ECMA02Y
ECMB02H & ECMB06H
ECMB11H & ECMB12H
ECMC02H & ECMC06H
and two full-course equivalents chosen from the courses
in Economics for Management Studies including at least one at
the C-level. Students must also complete MATA27H and one F.C.E.
in Humanities.
Students who take ECMA03Y and then decide to apply
for this program will be permitted to substitute ECMA03Y for ECMA02Y.
However, these students will be required to complete MATA27H before
registering for ECMB02H and ECMB06H.
Supervisor: G. Cleveland (287-7317)
NOTE: Registration in this program is not limited. However, some requirements, particularly those at the B-level, may have to be taken in the summer session since access to courses in the winter session cannot be guaranteed.
This program is designed to give exposure to the subject matter in some areas of Economics to students pursuing three or four year degrees. These students will have to combine this minor with other minors or majors in order to graduate. Students need not have completed OAC calculus in order to enter this program.
The program consists of four full-course equivalents
in Economics for Management Studies as follows:
ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y) or ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y),
ECMB01H or ECMB02H
ECMB05H or ECMB06H
Two more F.C.E.'s in Economics for Management Studies,
including at least one at the C-level.
A study of economic theory and its application to contemporary Canadian economic problems. Problems discussed include: unemployment, inflation, competition, monopoly. Calculus, algebra and graphs are used extensively in this course to illuminate economic analysis. The course is oriented primarily towards students planning to complete the Specialist Program in Management, the Specialist Program in Economic Policy Management and Data Analysis, and the Major Program in Economics for Management Studies.
Three hours of lecture per week and a one hour tutorial per week.
Exclusions: ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y); ECO100
Prerequisite: OAC Calculus
Corequisite: MATA27H
A study of economic theory and its application to contemporary Canadian economic problems. Problems discussed will include: unemployment, inflation, competition, monopoly. Although calculus is not used in this course, algebra and graphs are used extensively to illuminate economic analysis.
This course is oriented primarily toward students planning to complete the Specialist Program in Political Science and Economics for Management Studies, the Minor Program in Economics for Management Studies, and programs for IDS. The course will also be useful to non-program students interested in an elective course in this subject.
Three hours of lecture per week and a one hour tutorial per week.
Exclusions: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y); ECO100
Introduction to major development problems, focusing on international economic and political economy factors.
The course examines, trade, aid, international institutions such as World Bank and the IMF, the GATT/WTO, and how these affect developing countries. The course examines both conventional economic perspectives as well as critiques of these perspectives. Some country case studies may be used to illustrate different approaches to development.
Exclusion: ECO230Y
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y) or ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y)
Intermediate level development of the principles of microeconomic theory. The emphasis is on static partial equilibrium analysis. Topics covered include: consumer theory, theory of production, theory of the firm, perfect competition.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section.
Exclusions: (ECMB03), (ECMB04), ECO200, ECO206, ECMB02
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y) or ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y)
Intermediate level development of the principles of microeconomic theory. The course will cover the same topics as ECMB01H, but will employ techniques involving calculus so as to make the theory clearer to students.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section.
Exclusions: (ECMB03), (ECMB04), ECO200, ECO206, ECMB01
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y); students who have
completed ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y) may be admitted with the permission
of the supervisor of studies and must complete MATA27H as a further
prerequisite.
Introduces health policy analysis in developing countries, drawing comparisons to the industrialized countries. The course examines trends in the financing and provision of health care, and discusses some of the choices involved (primary health care versus curative care, private versus public provision, and issues of equity and efficiency). Case studies of different models of health care will be examined (for example Chile, China, Canada). Participants will also obtain experience of some practical tools of health policy analysis, such as cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis. This course can be counted as an economics course for economics programs.
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y) or ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y)
Intermediate level development of the principles of macroeconomic theory. Topics covered include: theory of output, employment and the price level.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusions: (ECMB07), (ECMB08), ECO202, ECO208, ECMB06
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y) or ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y)
Intermediate level development of the principles of macroeconomic theory. The course will cover the same topics as ECMB05H, but will employ techniques involving calculus so as to make the theory clearer to students.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusions: (ECMB07), (ECMB08), ECO202, ECO208, ECMB05
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y; students who have completed ECMA03Y may be admitted with permission of the supervisor of studies and must complete MATA27H as a further prerequisite.
An introduction to statistics and regression analysis as used in economic analysis. The course will cover material similar to ECMB09 (ECOB09) but in somewhat less depth. Topics to be covered include: summary statistics, special probability distributions (normal, binomial), confidence intervals, hypothesis testing (parametric), and simple and multiple regression. There will be a number of computer assignments.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section.
Exclusions: ANTC35H (ANTB43); (ECMB09Y), (ECOB09Y); ECMB11H, ECMB12H, GGRB31H; PSYB07H; SOCB06H; STAB22H
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y or ECMA03Y (ECOA02Y or ECOA03Y)
An introduction to probability and statistics as used in economic analysis. Topics to be covered include: descriptive statistics, probability, special probability distributions, sampling theory, confidence intervals.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusions: (ECMB09Y); ANTC35H (ANTB43H) or MGTB10H, or ECO220 or ECO227 or GGRB31H or PSYB07H or SOCB06H or STAB22H or STAB47H
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y; students who have completed
ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y) may be admitted with permission of the supervisor
of studies.
A second course in probability and statistics as used in economic analysis. Topics to be covered include: confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, simple and multiple regression.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusions: (ECMB09Y); ANTC35H (ANTB43H) or MGTB10H, or ECO220 & ECO227 or GGRB31H or PSYB07H or SOCB06H or STAC67H
Prerequisite: ECMB11H or STAB47H
Application of competitive location theory to explain
economic landscapes. Topics include Ricardian rents and spatial
equilibrium, trade flows and spatial price equilibrium, geographic
market areas and spatial pricing policies, location of a firm
with mobile resources, and trade theory and regional specialization.
Three hours of lectures per week.
Exclusion: GGR220
Prerequisite: ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y)
J. Miron
Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is a key policy-evaluation
tool developed by economists to assess government policy alternatives
and provide advice to governments. In this course, we learn the
key assumption behind and techniques used by CBA. You will learn
how to criticize the shortcomings in the work of those who misuse
Cost-Benefit Analysis techniques, and you will come to understand
both the power and the limitations of CBA. We use the general
analytical techniques discussed in the first part of the course
to discuss specific policy areas, for example, the economics of
education, the costs to society of smoking, government policy
towards early childhood services, and the economics of the Internet.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: (ECOB36)
Prerequisites: ECMA02Y or ECMA03Y (ECOA02Y or ECOA03Y)
G. Cleveland
Continuing development of the principles of microeconomic theory. This course will build on the theory developed in ECMB02H. Topics will be chosen from a list which includes risk and uncertainty, monopoly and oligopoly, game theory, general equilibrium, Pareto Optimality, externalities.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusions: (ECMB03), (ECMB04), ECO200, ECO206
Prerequisite: ECMB02H
Micro and macro perspectives on urban residential geography are presented in this course with an emphasis on North American Cities. At the micro level, topics include the search and location behaviour of individuals and families as consumers of housing, and suppliers of labour and domestic production. At the macro level, topics include commuting, social ties, neighbourhood environments, structure and segregation, changes in the social and physical structure of neighbourhoods. In light of these, the course will examine the changing role of land use planning and public policy. Two hours of lectures per week. This course will count as a B-level course in Economics.
Prerequisites: University-level half-course in data analysis (e.g. STAB22) and one of GGRB05, GGRB06, GGRB27, POLB60
Continuing development of the principles of macroeconomic theory. The course will build on the theory developed in ECMB06H. Topics will be chosen from a list including consumption theory, investment, exchange rates, rational expectations, inflation, neo-Keynesian economics, monetary and fiscal policy.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusions: (ECMB07), (ECMB08), ECO202, ECO208
Prerequisite: ECMB06H
Economic theory, including the formulation of econometric
tests and economic hypotheses. Students will learn how to estimate
regressions, undertake hypothesis tests, and critically assess
statistical results. The implications and treatment of special
statistical problems that arise in estimating economic relationships
will also be discussed.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60 per section
Exclusion: (ECMC11Y)
Prerequisites: ECMB02H & ECMB06H & ECMB12H
Continuing development of the uses of econometric
theory. The course will build on the theory developed in ECMC09H.
Students will learn how to move from a structural economic model
to the reduced form estimating framework. Using the econometric
tools developed in ECMC09H, economic theory and statistical hypotheses
will be tested. A research paper is required.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60 per section
Exclusion: (ECMC11Y)
Prerequisite: ECMC09H
This course examines current problems in urban transportation planning using policy analysis. Topics include setting of community goals, economic and social cost-benefit analysis, evaluation of re-distributive impacts, impacts of transport projects on land values, mass transit subsidies, and regulation / deregulation. The course examines insights gained from contemporary empirical research. Two hours of lectures per week. This course will count as a B-level course in Economics.
Exclusion: GGR324
Prerequisites: University-level half-course in data analysis and one of GGRB05, GGRB06, GGRB27, POLB60
An examination of the role and importance of communications media in the economy. Topics to be covered include: the challenges media pose for conventional economic theory, historical and contemporary issues in media development, and basic media-research techniques. The course is research-oriented, involving empirical assignments and a research essay.
Limited enrolment: 60.
Exclusion: (ECOC20)
Prerequisites: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (or ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
A course concerned with the revenue side of government finance. In particular, the course deals with existing tax structures, in Canada and elsewhere, and with criteria for tax design.
Two hours of lecture per week and a one hour tutorial
per week.
Limited enrolment: 60.
Exclusion: ECO236 (ECOC31)
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (or ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
G. Fearon
A study of resource allocation in relation to the public sector, with emphasis on decision criteria for public expenditures. The distinction between public and private goods is central to the course.
Two hours of lecture per week and a one hour tutorial
per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: ECO236 (ECOC32)
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (or ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
M. Krashinsky
A study of laws and legal institutions from an economic perspective. Includes the development of a positive theory of the law suggesting that laws frequently evolve so as to maximize economic efficiency. The efficiency of various legal principles is examined. Topics covered are drawn from: externalities, property rights, environmental law, contracts, torts, product liability and consumer protection, criminal law, and procedure.
Limited enrolment: 60.
Exclusion: ECO320 (ECOC37)
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (ECOB03Y or ECOB04Y) (ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
This course covers economics of the internal organization of the firm. The emphasis will be on the economic relationships between the various parties involved in running a business: managers, shareholders, workers, banks, and the government.
Topics covered will include the role of organizations
in market economies, contractural theory, risk sharing, property
rights, corporate financial structure and vertical integration.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: ECO310 (ECOC40)
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (ECOB03Y or ECOB04Y)
H. Lloyd-Ellis
The economics of the firm in a market environment.
The aim is to study business behaviour and market performance
as influenced by concentration, entry barriers, product differentiation,
diversification, research and development and international trade.
There will be some limited use of calculus in this course.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: ECO310 (ECOC41)
Prerequisite: ECMB02H (ECOB03Y or ECOB04Y)
H. Lloyd-Ellis
An introduction to the role of banking institutions in the economy. There will be a focus on the institutional arrangements and basic economic theory underlying financial intermediation. Specifically, the interaction of the Bank of Canada, the chartered banks, trust companies, credit unions and households in the credit and financial services market will be considered.
Limited enrolment: 80 per section
Exclusion: ECO348
Prerequisite: ECMB05H or ECMB06H (ECMB07Y or ECMB08Y)
This course is designed to introduce students to
the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of financial
economics. Topics covered include: intertemporal choice, expected
utility theory, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the cost
of capital, the use of debt by the firm and dividend policy, market
efficiency, the term structure of interest rates, and option pricing
models. Students will acquire both a broad theoretical understanding
of financial economics and review key empirical tests of the theories
developed.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: (ECOC49)
Prerequisites: ECMB02H & ECMB06H & ECMB12H
(ECMB04Y & ECMB08Y & ECMB09Y)
Applications of the tools of microeconomics to various
labour market issues. The topics covered will include: fertility
and family formation; labour supply; labour demand; equilibrium
in competitive and non-competitive markets; non-market approaches
to the labour market; unemployment. Policy applications will include:
income maintenance programmes; minimum wages; unemployment insurance
benefits; poverty.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusions: ECO239, 339 (ECOC51)
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
A continuation of ECOC51S. Topics covered will include:
unions; wage structures; sex and race discrimination; human capital
theory; investment in education. Policy issues discussed will
include: pay equity; affirmative action; training initiatives;
migration.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusions: ECO239 and ECO339 (ECOC52)
Prerequisites: ECMC51H (ECOC51H) & ECMB02H (ECMB04Y)
& ECMB12H (ECMB09Y)
An introduction to the theory and practice of negotiation in business. Almost all business relationships (for example, relationships among managers and relationships with suppliers and customers) require negotiations. This course provides the student with a set of approaches and tactics to use in different forums of negotiations, and an introduction to traditional and emerging procedures for resolving disputes if negotiations break down. To gain practical experience, students will participate in exercises which simulate negotiations.
Limited enrolment: 60
This course will count as a 'B'-course in Economics for Management Studies programmes.
Exclusion: MGTC54Y
Prerequisites: MGTA02Y, MGTC23H, MGTC24H
An overview of the industrial system and process in Canada. The course will introduce students to: industrial relations theory, the roles of unions and management, employment law, labour law, the impacts of collective bargaining on the economy and the firm, strikes and lockouts, grievance arbitration, collective bargaining in the public sector, occupational health and safety and workers' compensation, and the history of the Canadian industrial relations systems. Students will participate in collective bargaining simulations.
Limited enrolment: 60
This course will count as a 'B'-course in Economics for Management Studies programmes.
Exclusion: MGTC54Y
Prerequisites: Completion of at least ten full-course
equivalents including ECMA03Y (ECOA03Y) or ECMA02Y (ECOA02Y) and
MGTA02Y
Macroeconomic theories of the balance of payments
and the exchange rate in a small open economy. Recent theories
of exchange-rate determination in a world of floating exchange
rates. The international monetary system: fixed "versus"
flexible exchange rates; international capital movements, and
their implications for monetary policy.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: ECO328 (ECOC61)
Prerequisite: ECMB06H (ECMB08Y) (ECOB07Y or ECOB08Y)
An outline of the standard theories of international
trade: analysis of the factors on which a country's trade with
other countries is based and the welfare implications of this
trade; and empirical tests of these theories. Economic growth
and international trade. The instruments and effects of trade
policy (tariffs, quotas, non-tariff barriers); the theory of customs
unions.
Two hours of lecture per week.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusion: ECO328 (ECOC62)
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H (ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
(ECOB03Y or ECOB04Y)
An introduction to the processes of growth and development in less developed countries and regions. Topics include the role of international trade and investment in developing countries, the problems of population growth and unemployment, inequalities in income distribution, the roles of agriculture and history.
Limited enrolment: 60
Exclusions: ECO324, IDSC66H
Prerequisite: ECMB01H or ECMB02H, (ECMB03Y or ECMB04Y)
(ECOB03Y or ECOB04Y)
A consideration of how government policy can affect the pace and nature of development in Third World countries. Emphasis will be on the most important policies including those relating to rural organization, agricultural goods markets, labour markets, credit markets, land rights systems, income distribution and technological change.
Limited Enrolment: 60
Exclusions: ECO324, IDSC67H
Prerequisite: ECMC66H (ECOC66H)
A study of the history of economic development in
North America. Students will survey current theoretical approaches
in economic history, study particular topics in North American
economic history, and develop hands-on practice in data collection
and analysis.
Limited enrolment: 60 per section
Exclusion: ECMB81Y
Prerequisites: ECMB01H or ECMB02Y or ECMB05H or ECMB06H
I. Parker
For upper-level students whose interests are not covered in one of the other courses normally offered. Students are expected to design the course with the guidance of a staff member interested in the area of study being proposed. The courses will normally be made available only to students whose performance in Economics courses has been well above average. Students interested in supervised reading courses are urged to contact faculty members well in advance, as not all faculty will be available for these courses in any single term.
Students are advised that they must obtain consent
from the supervising instructor before registering for this course.
ECMB35H3 Public Decision Making
Prerequisite: ECMA02Y or ECMA03Y
ECMB68H3 Comparative Economic Systems
Prerequisite: ECMA02Y or ECMA03Y
Corequisite: ECMB01H
ECMC13H3 Advanced Macroeconomic Theory
ECMC14H3 Advanced Macroeconomic Theory
ECMC27H3 Classics in the History of Economic Thought
Exclusions: ECMB25H, ECMB26H, ECO322
Prerequisites: ECMB01H or ECMB02Y and ECMB05H or ECMB06H
ECMC90H3 Research Methods in Economic Policy Management and Data Analysis
Prerequisites: ECMB02H & ECMB06H & ECMB11H & ECMB12H
ECMD50H3 Workshop in Economic Research
Full Listing of Courses Not Offered
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